__________________________________________________________________________

                  E S P E R A N T O   C O U R S E
__________________________________________________________________________

                               Lesson Seven


In school students can expect to study French for about 5 years, 40 weeks
in the year, 4 lessons a week at about (on the average) 30 minutes for each
lesson.  Or, roughly, about 400 hours.  By the end of this time, only about
10% of the students would receive a passing grade on a decent exam, and not
all of those would be understood in France.

Esperanto is about 5 to 10 times easier to learn than French, so you would
expect to take about 40 to 80 hours of study to achieve a comparable
language level in Esperanto, but in these ten network lessons you may spend
a total of only 10 hours.

So you can easily see that this course will not have you speaking fluent
Esperanto by Lesson Ten, but it will have introduced you to the basic
principles of the language, which by now should not appear so 'foreign' to
you if you were to pick up  a textbook or elementary reader.

Rowing across the ocean would be more satisfying (and a little bit easier)
if you could see the milestones going by.  Otherwise, once out of sight of
land, it is an act of faith whether you are making any progress at all.  In
the same way in learning a language, are you really learning more than you
are forgetting?

In a 'correspondence' course such as this one, it is impossible to test
your speaking and listening abilities.  That will come at some later level
in your quest for complete control over the International Language.  Right
now, we will have to be content with written tests and exercises.

Below, you will find a series of vocabulary and grammar
("fill-in-the-blank") exercises to be used as sort of a test. Try to
complete and send in these exercises without referring back to previous
lessons.  If you do look back, then you never really will know how much
you've learned so far.  So, do the exercises and study the little bit of
new material.

__________________________ PRACTICE ____________________________

                         Ekzercoj, Leciono Sep

Vocabulary Test (Translate into English):

1.   akvo                          31.  frato
2.   al                            32.  fumi
3.   ami                           33.  granda
4.   amiko                         34.  ĝis
5.   Anglujo                       35.  ĝojo
6.   atendi                        36.  havi
7.   aŭtobuseto                   37.  hejmo
8.   bela                          38.  horo
9.   biciklo                       39.  ili
10.  blanka                        40.  instruisto
11.  blua                          41.  juna
12.  bona                          42.  kafo
13.  bruna                         43.  kaj
14.  butiko                        44.  kial
15.  cigaredo                      45.  kiam
16.  ĉambro                       46.  kiel
17.  ĉe                           47.  kies
18.  ĉokolado                     48.  kiom
19.  danco                         49.  knabo
20.  de                            50.  kuko
21.  dek                           51.  kun
22.  demandi                       52.  kuri
23.  domo                          53.  kvar
24.  du                            54.  kvin
25.  dum                           55.  lakto
26.  en                            56.  lavi
27.  esti                          57.  manĝi
28.  fari                          58.  patro
29.  flava                         59.  skribi
30.  forgesi                       60.  verda

Grammar Test (Replace 'missing bits'):

Use the following 'missing bits':
a, aj, aj, al, an, ĉe, ĉion, ĉiuj, de, dum, e, e, en, estas, ĝis,
havas, ili, in, ist, iu, jun, kaj, kiel, kies, kio, kun, la, mal, ne,
o, o, oj, ojn, on, on, por, sub, sur, tio, as, as, tiu, tiom.

61. The boy                        73. Start working quietly
    ___ knab___                        Eklaboru      silent___

62. A   good   boy                 74. Whose book  is    that?
    ___ bon___ knabo                   ___   libro estas ___?

63. And a girl                     75. How (did) you do    so-much?
    ___   knab___o                     ___       vi  faris ___?

64. The girl    is  bad            76. Do     everything again
    La  knabino ___ ___bona            Refaru ___

65. She has a cigarette            77. To  the club  in  Paris
    Ŝi ___   cigared___               ___ la  klubo ___ Parizo

66. Men    smoke cigarettes        78. In  the minibus     from London
    Vir___ fumas cigared___            ___ la  aŭtobuseto ___  Londono

67. Good   girls    don't smoke    79. With lemonade under the seats
    Bon___ knabinoj ___   fumas        ___  limonado ___   la  seĝoj

68. But they quickly  learn        80. For drinking whilst we journey
    Sed ___  rapid___ lern___          ___ trinkado ___    ni vojaĝas

69. The pupils   are   young       81. On  the freeway as far as Paris
    La lernantoj estas jun___          ___ la  ŝoseo  ___       Parizo

70. They have a  new    school     82. We all run    on to the beach
    Ili  havas   nov___ lernejon       Ni ___ kur___ sur   la plaĝ___

71. The teacher   is    old        83. And someone swims  in the sea
    La instru___o estas mal___a        Kaj ___     naĝas en la mar___

72. 'What's    that?' he asks
    '___ estas ___?'  li demandas


__________________________________________________________________________

Let's take a look now at some very important verbs...

voli (want), povi (can, be able), devi (must, have to)

     Mi volas veni                 Mi volas kompreni
     I want to come                I want to understand

     Mi povas veni                 Mi povas kompreni
     I am able to come             I am able to understand
     I can come                    I can understand

     Mi devas veni                 Mi devas kompreni
     I must come                   I must understand
     I have to come                I have to understand

     [Always use the infinitive verb after voli, povi, devi.]

plaĉi al, ŝati, ami

     Io aŭ iu plaĉas al mi.      Something or someone is pleasing to me.
                                   I like someone or something (a mild,
                                   noncommittal verb)

     Mi ŝatas ion.                I esteem, greatly like something.
                                   (inanimate objects, etc.)

     Mi amas iun.                  I love someone (or pets).

     Libroj plaĉas al mi.
     Books are pleasing to me.  I like books.

     Betty plaĉas al mi.
     Betty is pleasing to me.  I like Betty.

     Mi ŝatas ĉokoladajn kuketojn.
     I really like chocolate cupcakes.

     Mi amas vian filinon.
     I love (am in love with) your daughter.

koni vs. scii

     Mi konas...    I know OF, I am aware of such a person, place or thing,
                    or happening.

     Mi scias...    I know something, have studied it.

     Ĉu vi konas Johanon?    Do you know John?
     Ĉu vi scias Esperanton? Do you know Esperanto?
     Ĉu vi konas Esperanton? Are you familiar with Esperanto?

__________________________________________________________________________
On to Lesson 8!

Or go back to the index for other lessons.